the rise of nationalism in Europe assertion and reasons

4. ASSERTION AND REASON

DIRECTION: 

Mark the option which is most suitable :

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

(b) If both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

(c) If the assertion is true but the reason is false.

(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

1. Assertion: Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one was ruled by an Italian princely house.

Reason: The north was under the domination of the Bourbon kings of Spain.

Ans : (c) Assertion is true but the reason is false.

Italy was divided into seven states of which only one, Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian princely house. The north was under Austrian Habsburgs and the southern regions were under the domination of The Bourbon kings of Spain. Therefore assertion is true but the reason is false.

2. Assertion : Germany, Italy and Switzerland were 

divided into kingdoms, duchies and cantons whose 

rulers had their autonomous territories.

Reason : They were closely bound to each other inspite 

of their autonomous rule.

Ans : (c) Assertion is true but reason is false.

Germany, Italy land Switzerland were divided into 

kingdoms, duchies and cantons whose rulers had their 

autonomous territories. Diverse people lived within 

the territories. They did not share a collective identity 

or a common culture. They spoke different languages 

belonged to different ethnic groups, were were no close 

ties binding them.

3. Assertion : Giuseppe Mazzini worked with the 

conservatives for the monarchy.

Reason : Italy had to continue to be a patchwork of 

small states and kingdoms.

Ans : (d) Both assertion and reason are false.

Mazzini’s relentless opposition to monarchy and 

his vision of democratic republics frightened the 

conservatives. Italy had to be forged into a single 

unified republic within a wider alliance of nations/ It 

could not be a patchwork of small states and kingdoms.

Thus both assertion and reason are false.

4. Assertion : Culture played an important role in 

creating the idea of the nation.

Reason : Weavers in Silesia had led a revolt against 

contractors who supplied raw material and gave them 

orders for finished textiles but drastically reduced 

their payments.

Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but 

reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

Culture played an important role in creating the idea 

of the nation: art and poetry, stories and music helped 

express and shape nationalist feelings.

The year 1848 was a year when rise in food prices or 

a year of bad harvest led to widespread pauperism in 

town and country. Earlier in 1845, a large crowd of 

weavers emerged from their homes and marched in 

pairs up to the mansion of their contractor demanding 

higher wages and led a revolt.

Therefore, both assertion and reason are true but 

reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

5. Assertion : From the very beginning, the French 

revolutionaries introduced various measures and 

practices like the idea of la patrie and le citoyen.

Reason : This was done to create a sense of collective 

identity amongst the French people.

Ans : (a) Both assertion and reason are true and 

reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

The French Revolution proclaimed that it was the 

people who would henceforth constitute the nation 

and shape its destiny. From the very beginning, the 

French Revolutionaries introduced various measures 

and practices that would create a sense of collective 

identity amongst the French people. The centralised 

administrative system was one of the measures taken 

for making uniform laws for all citizens within its 

territory.

6. Assertion : The Scottish Highlanders were forbidden 

to speak their Gaelic language or wear their national 

dress, and large numbers were forcibly driven out of 

their homeland.

Reason : The English helped the Protestants of Ireland 

to establish their dominance over a largely Catholic 

country.

Ans : (b) Both assertion and reason are true but 

reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.

This situation refers to the unification of Britain, 

Assertion refers to Scotland and how they suffered 

because of the long-drawn-out process. Their 

culture and political institutions were systematically 

suppressed. However, the reason refers to how the 

Irishmen suffered in the hands of Englishmen as it was 

a country deeply divided between the Catholics and 

Protestants. It was largely a Catholic country but the 

Protestants got support from the English to suppress 

the Catholic revolts. It does not explain the assertion.

7. Assertion : On 18 May 1848, 831 elected representatives 

revolted in the Frankfurt parliament.

Reason : The elected representatives revolted against 

the issue of extending political rights to women.

Ans : (d) Both assertion and reason are false.

On 18 May 1848, 831 elected representatives marched 

in a festive procession to take their places in the 

Frankfurt parliament convened in the Church of St 

Paul. The issue of extending political rights to women 

was a controversial one within the liberal movement, 

in which large numbers of women had participated 

actively over the years. Therefore, both assertion and 

reason are false.