Passage 2 (Passage with Multiple Choice Answer Type Questions) Child labour means children are forced to work like adults and take part to earn money. This is
Passage 2 (Passage with Multiple Choice
Answer Type Questions)
Child labour means children are forced to work
like adults and take part to earn money. This is different from casual work
done by children in their homes to please their parents, Child labour has been
a big problem as it damages and destroys the future of children.
According to law any child below the age of
14 cannot be employed either in a factory or office or restaurant. But children
are employed in many ways everywhere, violating human rights. They are employed
in places of production and service such as small industries, restaurant
service, domestic aid, shopkeeper's assistant, stone breaking and other
industries.
The causes behind child labour are to
increase the income of a family, to reduce the labour cost in a production
company, children are less doubtful about being dishonest and behave in a
better way compared to adults.
Their work may be dangerous and they may be
required to work for long hours in bad conditions. Sometimes parents, who are
poor, send their children to work as servants and maids in other houses want to
earn money through their children.
Up to 350 million children are affected by
child labour across the world. 8 million of these are affected by one of the
worst forms of child labour; they work as soldiers and treated as slaves.
Poverty is the main cause behind child labour.
If a boy or a girl takes up a job as a
domestic help and get salary of say 800-1500 per month, he or she does not get
enough time for education and is likely to remain completely illiterate,
unskilled with a weak health. The person will remain unemployed and engaged as
an unskilled labour.
ଶିଶୁ ଶ୍ରମର ଅର୍ଥ ହେଉଛି ପିଲାମାନେ ବୟସ୍କଙ୍କ
ପରି କାମ କରିବାକୁ ଏବଂ ଟଙ୍କା ରୋଜଗାର କରିବାକୁ ଅଂଶଗ୍ରହଣ କରିବାକୁ ବାଧ୍ୟ ହୁଅନ୍ତି |
ସେମାନଙ୍କ ପିତାମାତାଙ୍କୁ ଖୁସି କରିବା ପାଇଁ ପିଲାମାନଙ୍କ ଦ୍ୱାରା ସେମାନଙ୍କ ଘରେ କରାଯାଇଥିବା
ଆକସ୍ମିକ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟଠାରୁ ଏହା ଭିନ୍ନ, ଶିଶୁ ଶ୍ରମ ଏକ ବଡ଼ ସମସ୍ୟା ହୋଇଛି କାରଣ ଏହା
ପିଲାମାନଙ୍କ ଭବିଷ୍ୟତକୁ କ୍ଷତି ପହଞ୍ଚାଇଥାଏ ଏବଂ ନଷ୍ଟ କରିଥାଏ |
ଆଇନ ଅନୁଯାୟୀ ୧୪ ବର୍ଷରୁ କମ୍ ବୟସର କୌଣସି
ଶିଶୁଙ୍କୁ କାରଖାନା କିମ୍ବା କାର୍ଯ୍ୟାଳୟ କିମ୍ବା ରେଷ୍ଟୁରାଣ୍ଟରେ ନିଯୁକ୍ତି ଦିଆଯାଇପାରିବ
ନାହିଁ । କିନ୍ତୁ ପିଲାମାନେ ମାନବିକ ଅଧିକାର ଉଲ୍ଲଂଘନ କରି ସବୁ ସ୍ଥାନରେ ଅନେକ ଉପାୟରେ ନିୟୋଜିତ ହୁଅନ୍ତି | ସେମାନେ
କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ର ଶିଳ୍ପ, ରେଷ୍ଟୁରାଣ୍ଟ ସେବା, ଘରୋଇ ସହାୟତା, ଦୋକାନୀଙ୍କ ସହାୟକ, ପଥର ଭାଙ୍ଗିବା ଏବଂ
ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ ଶିଳ୍ପ ପରି ଉତ୍ପାଦନ ଏବଂ ସେବା ସ୍ଥାନରେ ନିୟୋଜିତ |
ଶିଶୁ ଶ୍ରମ ପଛରେ କାରଣ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ପରିବାରର ଆୟ
ବୃଦ୍ଧି କରିବା, ଏକ ଉତ୍ପାଦନ କମ୍ପାନୀରେ ଶ୍ରମ ମୂଲ୍ୟ ହ୍ରାସ କରିବା, ପିଲାମାନେ ଅସାଧୁ ହେବା
ବିଷୟରେ କମ୍ ସନ୍ଦେହ କରନ୍ତି ଏବଂ ବୟସ୍କମାନଙ୍କ ତୁଳନାରେ ଏକ ଉତ୍ତମ ଉପାୟରେ ଆଚରଣ କରନ୍ତି |
ସେମାନଙ୍କର କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ବିପଜ୍ଜନକ ହୋଇପାରେ ଏବଂ
ଖରାପ ଅବସ୍ଥାରେ ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ଦୀର୍ଘ ଘଣ୍ଟା କାମ କରିବାକୁ ପଡିପାରେ | ବେଳେବେଳେ ପିତାମାତା,
ଯେଉଁମାନେ ଗରିବ, ସେମାନଙ୍କ ପିଲାମାନଙ୍କୁ ଅନ୍ୟ ଘରେ ଚାକର ଏବଂ ଚାକରାଣୀ ଭାବରେ କାମ କରିବାକୁ
ପଠାନ୍ତି, ସେମାନେ ସେମାନଙ୍କ ପିଲାମାନଙ୍କ ମାଧ୍ୟମରେ ଟଙ୍କା ରୋଜଗାର କରିବାକୁ ଚାହାଁନ୍ତି |
ସମଗ୍ର ବିଶ୍ୱରେ ଶିଶୁ ଶ୍ରମ ଦ୍ୱାରା ୩୫୦ ନିୟୁତ
ପିଲା ପ୍ରଭାବିତ ହୁଅନ୍ତି | ଏଥି
ମଧ୍ୟରୁ 8 ନିୟୁତ ଶିଶୁ ଶ୍ରମର ସବୁଠାରୁ ଖରାପ ରୂପ
ଦ୍ୱାରା ପ୍ରଭାବିତ ହୁଏ; ସେମାନେ ସୈନିକ ଭାବରେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କରନ୍ତି ଏବଂ ଦାସ ଭାବରେ ବ୍ୟବହାର
କରନ୍ତି | ଶିଶୁ ଶ୍ରମ ପଛରେ ଦାରିଦ୍ର୍ୟ ହେଉଛି ମୁଖ୍ୟ କାରଣ |
ଯଦି ଜଣେ ପୁଅ କିମ୍ବା ଝିଅ ଘରୋଇ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ ଭାବରେ
ଚାକିରି କରନ୍ତି ଏବଂ ମାସିକ ୮୦୦-୧୫୦୦ ଦରମା ପାଆନ୍ତି, ତେବେ ସେ ଶିକ୍ଷା ପାଇଁ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାପ୍ତ
ସମୟ ପାଆନ୍ତି ନାହିଁ ଏବଂ ଦୁର୍ବଳ ସ୍ୱାସ୍ଥ୍ୟ ସହିତ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ନିରକ୍ଷର, ଅଣକୁଶଳୀ ରହିବାର
ସମ୍ଭାବନା ଅଛି | ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଜଣକ ବେରୋଜଗାର ରହିବେ ଏବଂ ଏକ ଅଣକୁଶଳୀ ଶ୍ରମ ଭାବରେ ନିୟୋଜିତ
ହେବେ |
Questions:
1. Give a reason behind child labour.
(a) To develop the country
(b) To increase the income of a family
(c) Children do not want to study
(d) Children will become better human
beings
2. Why is child labour a form of
exploitation?
(a) Because it destroys children's future.
(b) Because it does not provide them
opportunity study
(c) Because employers pay them less salary
(d) Because they work in an inhuman condition
3. Write antonym for the word 'dishonest’.
(a) Unfair
(b) Domestic
(c) Honest
(d) Restaurant
4. Companies prefer to employ children ...
(a) to reduce labour cost involved in
production
(b) because children are efficient in doing
works
(c) because children's compatibility is
good
(d) because they have more energy to do
work.
5. The casual work done by children at their
home refers to ...
(a) they get well paid for their work.
(b) they are not bound to do work and do it
as they love their parents.
(c) their parents beat them to do work
(d) they work alongside their study.
6. Write synonym for the word 'doubtful’.
(a) Nominal
(b) Condition
(c) Maximum
(d) Uncertain
Solutions:
1. Give a reason behind child labour.
(a) To develop the country
(b) To increase the income of a family
(c) Children do not want to study
(d) Children will become better human
beings
Ans. (b) To increase the income of a
family.
2. Why is child labour a form of
exploitation?
(a) Because it destroys children's future.
(b) Because it does not provide them
opportunity study
(c) Because employers pay them less salary
(d) Because they work in an inhuman
condition
Ans. Both (c) and (d)
3. Write antonym for the word 'dishonest’.
(a) Unfair
(c) Honest
(b) Domestic
(d) Restaurant
Ans. (c) Honest
4. Companies prefer to employ children ...
(a) to reduce labour cost involved in
production
(b) because children are efficient in doing
works
(c) because children's compatibility is
good
(d) because they have more energy to do
work.
Ans. (a) to reduce labour cost involved in
production.
5. The casual work done by children at
their home refers to ...
(a) they get well paid for their work.
(b) they are not bound to do work and do it
as they love their parents.
(c) their parents beat them to do work
(d) they work alongside their study.
Ans. (b) they are not bound to do work and
do it as they love their parents.
6. Write synonym for the word 'doubtful’.
(a) Nominal
(b) Condition
(c) Maximum
(d) Uncertain
Ans. (d) Uncertain
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